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Number: A2TH082890U471
Subject: Why NetWare 286 has 64K Segments
Date: November 6, 1990
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QUESTION: There is an excellent article that Novell published on v2.1x
File Service Process. It is very informative and helpful
for technical support people.
The article makes it sound as if the limit of Service
Processes is with the 80286 processor itself. It is true
that the group limit for all segments on a 286 processor is
64K. However, from a pure assembly point of view, you
really don't need groups (although you can certainly use
them).
Our understanding is that groups are implemented by
high-level languages to allow the stack (initialized near
data, uninitialized near data, and constant segments) to be
accessed relative to a single segment register.
Which leads to the question: Is the limitation imposed
because of the 80286 or is it because Novell chooses to not
use far pointers (for possible speed reasons) and declares a
large instead of a huge memory model?
ANSWER: When running in protected mode in the 80286 processor, you
are limited to accessing a single 64K segment (or less) with
near pointers. The designers of NetWare chose to use near
pointers for performance reasons. This is especially
important in protected mode where the processor has to look
up a far address in the Global Descriptor Table to find the
location in real memory.
(X) This information was verified by Engineering.